需: need to, must (formal modal)
【高01】能愿动词 / modal verbs
Tone colorsā tone 1á tone 2ǎ tone 3à tone 4a neutral
需 + verb: “need to, must”. It is the written, measured form of 需要 before a verb: 这件事需谨慎处理 (this matter has to be handled with care), 我们仍需耐心等待 (we still have to wait patiently). The negative is 无需 (“there is no need to”) or 不必; 没 does not negate 需.
Register: notices, regulations, medical advice, reports and academic writing. 需 carries less weight than 必须, which is a flat order, and it is more formal than the everyday 需要, 得 (děi) or 要.
Before a plain noun, ordinary usage is 需要: 我需要一本词典. 需 alone before a noun survives mainly in fixed words (所需, 急需). Like the other modal verbs it comes before 把: 还需把餐饮行业也纳入研究.
Examples
这件事需谨慎处理。
Zhè jiàn shì xū jǐnshèn chǔlǐ.This matter has to be handled with care.
我们仍需耐心等待。
Wǒmen réng xū nàixīn děngdài.We still have to wait patiently.
父亲的身体需休养一段时间。
Fùqin de shēntǐ xū xiūyǎng yí duàn shíjiān.My father's health needs a period of rest.
这种药需饭后服用，每天两次。
Zhè zhǒng yào xū fàn hòu fúyòng, měi tiān liǎng cì.This medicine is to be taken after meals, twice a day.
论文的第三章还需进一步修改。
Lùnwén de dì sān zhāng hái xū jìnyíbù xiūgǎi.Chapter three of the thesis still needs further revision.
申请人需提交身份证明，无需到现场办理。
Shēnqǐngrén xū tíjiāo shēnfèn zhèngmíng, wúxū dào xiànchǎng bànlǐ.Applicants must submit proof of identity, but need not come in person.
Common mistakes
✗ 我需一本词典。 → ✓ 我需要一本词典。 (before a noun, take 需要).
✗ 你没需来。 → ✓ 你无需来。 (negate 需 with 无需 or 不必, not with 没).